Initialization/deinitialization order of UMutex global statics is not defined with VS2017
Description
Due to C++'s "static initialization order fiasco", we should move the UMutex global statics to be function statics instead. This was done as an intermediate change from Andy in PR #522 but later reverted in PR #655.
The proposed change would be like the following on line 66 of locid.cpp:
The code that references these variables will also need to be updated.
There are 23 such occurrences in ICU that should be fixed.
This is only a real concern for Visual Studio versions below 2019, and maybe other compilers that cannot make UMutex constexpr. See umutex.h:
Note that the prebuilt binaries for Windows are built using VS2017.
